Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	43
Number of observations	78441
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	25.7 MiB
Average record size in memory	344.0 B

Variable types

CAT	33
NUM	9
BOOL	1

Warnings

`acetohexamide` has constant value "78441"	Constant
`troglitazone` has constant value "78441"	Constant
`examide` has constant value "78441"	Constant
`citoglipton` has constant value "78441"	Constant
`metformin-rosiglitazone` has constant value "78441"	Constant
`metformin-pioglitazone` has constant value "78441"	Constant
`df_index` has unique values	Unique
`num_procedures` has 40926 (52.2%) zeros	Zeros
`number_outpatient` has 65145 (83.0%) zeros	Zeros
`number_emergency` has 71738 (91.5%) zeros	Zeros
`number_inpatient` has 50552 (64.4%) zeros	Zeros

Reproduction

Analysis started	2020-11-27 19:27:40.197066
Analysis finished	2020-11-27 19:28:03.479046
Duration	23.28 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling v2.9.0
Download configuration	config.yaml

df_index
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

UNIQUE

Distinct	78441
Distinct (%)	100.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	39220
Minimum	0
Maximum	78440
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	3922
Q1	19610
median	39220
Q3	58830
95-th percentile	74518
Maximum	78440
Range	78440
Interquartile range (IQR)	39220

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	22644.11057
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5773613098
Kurtosis	-1.2
Mean	39220
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	19610
Skewness	0
Sum	3076456020
Variance	512755743.5
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2047	1	< 0.1%
31386	1	< 0.1%
12947	1	< 0.1%
2708	1	< 0.1%
661	1	< 0.1%
6806	1	< 0.1%
4759	1	< 0.1%
27288	1	< 0.1%
25241	1	< 0.1%
29339	1	< 0.1%
Other values (78431)	78431	> 99.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
1	1	< 0.1%
2	1	< 0.1%
3	1	< 0.1%
4	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
78440	1	< 0.1%
78439	1	< 0.1%
78438	1	< 0.1%
78437	1	< 0.1%
78436	1	< 0.1%

race
Categorical

Distinct	5
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

Caucasian	64217
AfricanAmerican	11386
Hispanic	1059
Other	1025
Asian	754

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Caucasian	64217	81.9%
AfricanAmerican	11386	14.5%
Hispanic	1059	1.4%
Other	1025	1.3%
Asian	754	1.0%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	15
Median length	9
Mean length	9.766703637
Min length	5

gender
Categorical

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

Female	46296
Male	32145

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Female	46296	59.0%
Male	32145	41.0%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	6
Median length	6
Mean length	5.180403106
Min length	4

age
Categorical

Distinct	10
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

[60-70)	24479
[70-80)	15306
[80-90)	14888
[50-60)	12740
[40-50)	5365
Other values (5)	5663

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
[60-70)	24479	31.2%
[70-80)	15306	19.5%
[80-90)	14888	19.0%
[50-60)	12740	16.2%
[40-50)	5365	6.8%
[30-40)	2790	3.6%
[90-100)	1363	1.7%
[20-30)	969	1.2%
[10-20)	413	0.5%
[0-10)	128	0.2%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	8
Median length	7
Mean length	7.015744317
Min length	6

time_in_hospital
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	14
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	4.036868474
Minimum	1
Maximum	14
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	1
Q1	2
median	3
Q3	5
95-th percentile	11
Maximum	14
Range	13
Interquartile range (IQR)	3

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	3.078211698
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.7625246444
Kurtosis	1.030218595
Mean	4.036868474
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	2
Skewness	1.238462783
Sum	316656
Variance	9.475387256
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=14)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	17274	22.0%
2	15613	19.9%
3	9713	12.4%
4	8645	11.0%
5	7816	10.0%
6	4615	5.9%
7	3829	4.9%
8	3053	3.9%
9	2396	3.1%
11	1234	1.6%
Other values (4)	4253	5.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	17274	22.0%
2	15613	19.9%
3	9713	12.4%
4	8645	11.0%
5	7816	10.0%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
14	837	1.1%
13	1054	1.3%
12	1131	1.4%
11	1234	1.6%
10	1231	1.6%

num_lab_procedures
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	109
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	43.54275188
Minimum	1
Maximum	126
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	4
Q1	32
median	45
Q3	57
95-th percentile	75
Maximum	126
Range	125
Interquartile range (IQR)	25

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	20.35778799
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4675356314
Kurtosis	-0.2020443723
Mean	43.54275188
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	12
Skewness	-0.1759516571
Sum	3415537
Variance	414.4395319
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
45	2881	3.7%
1	2629	3.4%
43	2530	3.2%
42	2200	2.8%
47	2105	2.7%
39	1963	2.5%
46	1900	2.4%
55	1853	2.4%
40	1829	2.3%
41	1764	2.2%
Other values (99)	56787	72.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	2629	3.4%
2	789	1.0%
3	408	0.5%
4	505	0.6%
5	171	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
126	8	< 0.1%
114	1	< 0.1%
113	17	< 0.1%
111	11	< 0.1%
107	8	< 0.1%

num_procedures
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	7
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	1.188217896
Minimum	0
Maximum	6
Zeros	40926
Zeros (%)	52.2%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	2
95-th percentile	5
Maximum	6
Range	6
Interquartile range (IQR)	2

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.657655548
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.395077075
Kurtosis	1.29032285
Mean	1.188217896
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	1.462049866
Sum	93205
Variance	2.747821915
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=7)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	40926	52.2%
1	13731	17.5%
2	8940	11.4%
3	6373	8.1%
6	3292	4.2%
4	3172	4.0%
5	2007	2.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	40926	52.2%
1	13731	17.5%
2	8940	11.4%
3	6373	8.1%
4	3172	4.0%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
6	3292	4.2%
5	2007	2.6%
4	3172	4.0%
3	6373	8.1%
2	8940	11.4%

num_medications
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	71
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	16.67529736
Minimum	1
Maximum	75
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	7
Q1	11
median	16
Q3	21
95-th percentile	32
Maximum	75
Range	74
Interquartile range (IQR)	10

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	8.361751681
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5014454316
Kurtosis	4.49735842
Mean	16.67529736
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	5
Skewness	1.556633994
Sum	1308027
Variance	69.91889117
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
11	5649	7.2%
16	5515	7.0%
18	5161	6.6%
12	4732	6.0%
9	4427	5.6%
21	4115	5.2%
10	3923	5.0%
15	3899	5.0%
14	3373	4.3%
19	3348	4.3%
Other values (61)	34299	43.7%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	135	0.2%
2	264	0.3%
3	438	0.6%
4	747	1.0%
5	872	1.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
75	1	< 0.1%
72	19	< 0.1%
69	3	< 0.1%
68	11	< 0.1%
67	5	< 0.1%

number_outpatient
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	27
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.5163626165
Minimum	0
Maximum	42
Zeros	65145
Zeros (%)	83.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	0
95-th percentile	3
Maximum	42
Range	42
Interquartile range (IQR)	0

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.035255456
Coefficient of variation (CV)	3.941523632
Kurtosis	108.7736565
Mean	0.5163626165
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	8.646025139
Sum	40504
Variance	4.14226477
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=27)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	65145	83.0%
1	6011	7.7%
2	2806	3.6%
3	1944	2.5%
4	658	0.8%
5	282	0.4%
6	232	0.3%
7	169	0.2%
9	159	0.2%
8	141	0.2%
Other values (17)	894	1.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	65145	83.0%
1	6011	7.7%
2	2806	3.6%
3	1944	2.5%
4	658	0.8%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
42	15	< 0.1%
40	10	< 0.1%
33	27	< 0.1%
27	14	< 0.1%
24	22	< 0.1%

number_emergency
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	25
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.2790759934
Minimum	0
Maximum	76
Zeros	71738
Zeros (%)	91.5%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	0
95-th percentile	1
Maximum	76
Range	76
Interquartile range (IQR)	0

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.838763814
Coefficient of variation (CV)	6.588756674
Kurtosis	429.9592753
Mean	0.2790759934
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	16.46869809
Sum	21891
Variance	3.381052364
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=25)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	71738	91.5%
1	3407	4.3%
2	1592	2.0%
3	335	0.4%
4	216	0.3%
5	183	0.2%
6	180	0.2%
7	119	0.2%
8	100	0.1%
9	98	0.1%
Other values (15)	473	0.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	71738	91.5%
1	3407	4.3%
2	1592	2.0%
3	335	0.4%
4	216	0.3%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
76	8	< 0.1%
37	43	0.1%
29	13	< 0.1%
25	26	< 0.1%
22	22	< 0.1%

number_inpatient
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	18
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.7466121034
Minimum	0
Maximum	21
Zeros	50552
Zeros (%)	64.4%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	1
95-th percentile	3
Maximum	21
Range	21
Interquartile range (IQR)	1

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.526452386
Coefficient of variation (CV)	2.044505278
Kurtosis	27.58696574
Mean	0.7466121034
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	4.225837857
Sum	58565
Variance	2.330056886
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=18)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	50552	64.4%
1	14224	18.1%
2	7216	9.2%
3	3060	3.9%
4	1417	1.8%
5	663	0.8%
6	289	0.4%
8	257	0.3%
7	190	0.2%
9	145	0.2%
Other values (8)	428	0.5%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	50552	64.4%
1	14224	18.1%
2	7216	9.2%
3	3060	3.9%
4	1417	1.8%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
21	16	< 0.1%
16	20	< 0.1%
15	35	< 0.1%
14	41	0.1%
13	54	0.1%

number_diagnoses
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	14
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	7.596728752
Minimum	3
Maximum	16
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	3
5-th percentile	4
Q1	6
median	9
Q3	9
95-th percentile	9
Maximum	16
Range	13
Interquartile range (IQR)	3

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.839722339
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2421729667
Kurtosis	0.4580224401
Mean	7.596728752
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1
Skewness	-0.6121668629
Sum	595895
Variance	3.384578284
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=14)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9	38732	49.4%
8	9083	11.6%
7	8807	11.2%
5	8294	10.6%
6	7271	9.3%
4	3739	4.8%
3	1995	2.5%
16	117	0.1%
13	105	0.1%
10	84	0.1%
Other values (4)	214	0.3%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3	1995	2.5%
4	3739	4.8%
5	8294	10.6%
6	7271	9.3%
7	8807	11.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
16	117	0.1%
15	63	0.1%
14	77	0.1%
13	105	0.1%
12	43	0.1%

max_glu_serum
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

None	74892
Norm	1584
>300	1029
>200	936

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
None	74892	95.5%
Norm	1584	2.0%
>300	1029	1.3%
>200	936	1.2%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	4
Median length	4
Mean length	4
Min length	4

A1Cresult
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

None	66807
>8	5649
Norm	3419
>7	2566

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
None	66807	85.2%
>8	5649	7.2%
Norm	3419	4.4%
>7	2566	3.3%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	4
Median length	4
Mean length	3.790543211
Min length	2

metformin
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	62848
Steady	13928
Up	888
Down	777

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	62848	80.1%
Steady	13928	17.8%
Up	888	1.1%
Down	777	1.0%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	6
Median length	2
Mean length	2.730051886
Min length	2

repaglinide
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	76718
Steady	1212
Up	322
Down	189

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	76718	97.8%
Steady	1212	1.5%
Up	322	0.4%
Down	189	0.2%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	6
Median length	2
Mean length	2.066623322
Min length	2

nateglinide
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	77116
Steady	875
Up	353
Down	97

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	77116	98.3%
Steady	875	1.1%
Up	353	0.5%
Down	97	0.1%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	6
Median length	2
Mean length	2.047092719
Min length	2

chlorpropamide
Categorical

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	77974
Steady	467

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	77974	99.4%
Steady	467	0.6%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	6
Median length	2
Mean length	2.023814077
Min length	2

glimepiride
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	74136
Steady	3277
Up	550
Down	478

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	74136	94.5%
Steady	3277	4.2%
Up	550	0.7%
Down	478	0.6%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	6
Median length	2
Mean length	2.179293992
Min length	2

acetohexamide
Categorical

CONSTANT
REJECTED

Distinct	1
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	78441

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	78441	100.0%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	2
Median length	2
Mean length	2
Min length	2

glipizide
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	66802
Steady	10084
Up	795
Down	760

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	66802	85.2%
Steady	10084	12.9%
Up	795	1.0%
Down	760	1.0%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	6
Median length	2
Mean length	2.533598501
Min length	2

glyburide
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	71146
Steady	5769
Up	843
Down	683

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	71146	90.7%
Steady	5769	7.4%
Up	843	1.1%
Down	683	0.9%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	6
Median length	2
Mean length	2.311597251
Min length	2

tolbutamide
Categorical

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	78110
Steady	331

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	78110	99.6%
Steady	331	0.4%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	6
Median length	2
Mean length	2.016878928
Min length	2

pioglitazone
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	72366
Steady	5216
Down	453
Up	406

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	72366	92.3%
Steady	5216	6.6%
Down	453	0.6%
Up	406	0.5%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	6
Median length	2
Mean length	2.277533433
Min length	2

rosiglitazone
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	72498
Steady	5097
Up	468
Down	378

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	72498	92.4%
Steady	5097	6.5%
Up	468	0.6%
Down	378	0.5%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	6
Median length	2
Mean length	2.269552912
Min length	2

acarbose
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	77486
Steady	619
Up	307
Down	29

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	77486	98.8%
Steady	619	0.8%
Up	307	0.4%
Down	29	< 0.1%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	6
Median length	2
Mean length	2.032304535
Min length	2

miglitol
Categorical

Distinct	3
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	77906
Steady	454
Down	81

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	77906	99.3%
Steady	454	0.6%
Down	81	0.1%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	6
Median length	2
Mean length	2.025216405
Min length	2

troglitazone
Categorical

CONSTANT
REJECTED

Distinct	1
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	78441

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	78441	100.0%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	2
Median length	2
Mean length	2
Min length	2

tolazamide
Categorical

Distinct	3
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	78077
Steady	288
Up	76

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	78077	99.5%
Steady	288	0.4%
Up	76	0.1%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	6
Median length	2
Mean length	2.014686197
Min length	2

examide
Categorical

CONSTANT
REJECTED

Distinct	1
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	78441

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	78441	100.0%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	2
Median length	2
Mean length	2
Min length	2

citoglipton
Categorical

CONSTANT
REJECTED

Distinct	1
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	78441

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	78441	100.0%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	2
Median length	2
Mean length	2
Min length	2

insulin
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	42310
Steady	17476
Up	9331
Down	9324

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	42310	53.9%
Steady	17476	22.3%
Up	9331	11.9%
Down	9324	11.9%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	6
Median length	2
Mean length	3.128899428
Min length	2

glyburide-metformin
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	77325
Steady	990
Up	66
Down	60

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	77325	98.6%
Steady	990	1.3%
Up	66	0.1%
Down	60	0.1%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	6
Median length	2
Mean length	2.052013615
Min length	2

glipizide-metformin
Categorical

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	78338
Steady	103

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	78338	99.9%
Steady	103	0.1%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	6
Median length	2
Mean length	2.005252355
Min length	2

glimepiride-pioglitazone
Categorical

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	78328
Steady	113

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	78328	99.9%
Steady	113	0.1%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	6
Median length	2
Mean length	2.005762293
Min length	2

metformin-rosiglitazone
Categorical

CONSTANT
REJECTED

Distinct	1
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	78441

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	78441	100.0%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	2
Median length	2
Mean length	2
Min length	2

metformin-pioglitazone
Categorical

CONSTANT
REJECTED

Distinct	1
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	78441

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	78441	100.0%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	2
Median length	2
Mean length	2
Min length	2

change
Categorical

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

No	42606
Ch	35835

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	42606	54.3%
Ch	35835	45.7%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	2
Median length	2
Mean length	2
Min length	2

diabetesMed
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

Yes	66083
No	12358

Common Values
Chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Yes	66083	84.2%
No	12358	15.8%

readmitted
Categorical

Distinct	3
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

NO	41679
>30	27895
<30	8867

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
NO	41679	53.1%
>30	27895	35.6%
<30	8867	11.3%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	3
Median length	2
Mean length	2.468657972
Min length	2

_diag_1
Categorical

Distinct	22
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

Diseases of the circulatory system	22841
Diseases of the respiratory system	10161
Injury and poisoning	9624
Diseases of the digestive system	6903
Diabetes mellitus	4934
Other values (17)	23978

Frequencies
Length

Common Values
Overview

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Diseases of the circulatory system	22841	29.1%
Diseases of the respiratory system	10161	13.0%
Injury and poisoning	9624	12.3%
Diseases of the digestive system	6903	8.8%
Diabetes mellitus	4934	6.3%
Diseases of the genitourinary system	4809	6.1%
Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue	4746	6.1%
Neoplasms	2401	3.1%
Infectious and parasitic diseases	2035	2.6%
Other symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions	1921	2.4%
Other values (12)	8066	10.3%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	87
Median length	34
Mean length	33.45701865
Min length	9

_diag_2
Categorical

Distinct	22
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

Diseases of the circulatory system	22610
Diabetes mellitus	14263
Diseases of the respiratory system	7539
Diseases of the genitourinary system	7440
Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases and immunity disorders, without diabetes	6729
Other values (17)	19860

Frequencies
Length

Common Values
Overview

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Diseases of the circulatory system	22610	28.8%
Diabetes mellitus	14263	18.2%
Diseases of the respiratory system	7539	9.6%
Diseases of the genitourinary system	7440	9.5%
Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases and immunity disorders, without diabetes	6729	8.6%
Diseases of the digestive system	3478	4.4%
Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs	2029	2.6%
Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue	1968	2.5%
Other symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions	1858	2.4%
Neoplasms	1764	2.2%
Other values (12)	8763	11.2%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	87
Median length	34
Mean length	35.45231448
Min length	9

_diag_3
Categorical

Distinct	22
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	612.8 KiB

Diabetes mellitus	20730
Diseases of the circulatory system	19765
Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases and immunity disorders, without diabetes	7014
Diseases of the genitourinary system	5979
Diseases of the respiratory system	5455
Other values (17)	19498

Frequencies
Length

Common Values
Overview

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Diabetes mellitus	20730	26.4%
Diseases of the circulatory system	19765	25.2%
Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases and immunity disorders, without diabetes	7014	8.9%
Diseases of the genitourinary system	5979	7.6%
Diseases of the respiratory system	5455	7.0%
Supplemental classification	2702	3.4%
Mental disorders	2070	2.6%
Diseases of the digestive system	2012	2.6%
Neoplasms	1773	2.3%
Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue	1566	2.0%
Other values (12)	9375	12.0%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	87
Median length	34
Mean length	33.77261891
Min length	9

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Count
Matrix

First rows

	df_index	race	gender	age	time_in_hospital	num_lab_procedures	num_procedures	num_medications	number_outpatient	number_emergency	number_inpatient	number_diagnoses	max_glu_serum	A1Cresult	metformin	repaglinide	nateglinide	chlorpropamide	glimepiride	acetohexamide	glipizide	glyburide	tolbutamide	pioglitazone	rosiglitazone	acarbose	miglitol	troglitazone	tolazamide	examide	citoglipton	insulin	glyburide-metformin	glipizide-metformin	glimepiride-pioglitazone	metformin-rosiglitazone	metformin-pioglitazone	change	diabetesMed	readmitted	_diag_1	_diag_2	_diag_3
0	58544	Caucasian	Male	[50-60)	1	9	0	21	0	0	0	9	None	None	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	No	Yes	NO	Diseases of the circulatory system	Diseases of the circulatory system	Diseases of the circulatory system
1	47528	Caucasian	Male	[80-90)	3	56	0	7	0	0	0	6	None	None	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Steady	No	No	No	No	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	Ch	Yes	>30	Injury and poisoning	Diseases of the respiratory system	Diseases of the circulatory system
2	39223	Caucasian	Female	[50-60)	5	46	0	13	9	37	0	9	None	None	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Steady	No	No	No	No	Ch	No	NO	Diseases of the circulatory system	Diseases of the nervous system	Symptoms concerning nutrition, metabolism, and development
3	2543	Caucasian	Female	[70-80)	5	55	0	15	0	0	1	9	None	None	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Up	No	No	No	No	No	No	Yes	>30	Diseases of the respiratory system	Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue	Diseases of the digestive system
4	6310	Caucasian	Female	[60-70)	6	40	5	15	0	0	0	9	None	None	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Yes	NO	Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue	Diseases of the circulatory system	Diseases of the circulatory system
5	31319	Caucasian	Male	[70-80)	1	9	0	10	0	0	0	5	None	None	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Ch	Yes	NO	Neoplasms	Diseases of the genitourinary system	Diabetes mellitus
6	12896	Caucasian	Female	[60-70)	2	42	2	15	2	0	0	9	None	None	No	No	No	No	No	No	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Yes	NO	Injury and poisoning	Diseases of the genitourinary system	Diseases of the circulatory system
7	23299	Caucasian	Female	[80-90)	3	88	0	18	0	0	0	9	None	>8	No	No	No	No	No	No	Steady	No	No	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Yes	<30	Diseases of the circulatory system	Diseases of the circulatory system	External causes of injury
8	3788	Caucasian	Female	[70-80)	2	36	0	20	0	0	0	8	None	None	No	No	No	No	No	No	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Yes	NO	Diseases of the circulatory system	Diabetes mellitus	Diseases of the circulatory system
9	29332	Caucasian	Female	[60-70)	12	3	1	10	0	0	2	9	None	>8	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Ch	Yes	<30	Injury and poisoning	Complications of pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium	Diseases of the respiratory system

Last rows

	df_index	race	gender	age	time_in_hospital	num_lab_procedures	num_procedures	num_medications	number_inpatient	number_diagnoses	max_glu_serum	A1Cresult	metformin	repaglinide	nateglinide	chlorpropamide	glimepiride	acetohexamide	glipizide	glyburide	tolbutamide	pioglitazone	rosiglitazone	acarbose	miglitol	troglitazone	tolazamide	examide	citoglipton	insulin	glyburide-metformin	glipizide-metformin	glimepiride-pioglitazone	metformin-rosiglitazone	metformin-pioglitazone	change	diabetesMed	readmitted	_diag_1	_diag_2	_diag_3
78431	52000	Caucasian	Male	[40-50)	8	45	0	9	0	7	None	None	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Ch	Yes	NO	Diseases of the respiratory system	Diseases of the respiratory system	Diabetes mellitus
78432	66640	Caucasian	Male	[50-60)	1	68	0	24	0	9	None	Norm	No	Steady	No	No	Up	No	No	No	No	No	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	No	Up	No	No	No	No	No	Ch	Yes	NO	Diseases of the circulatory system	Diseases of the genitourinary system	Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases and immunity disorders, without diabetes
78433	55751	Caucasian	Female	[80-90)	5	43	1	18	1	9	None	None	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	No	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	No	Yes	>30	Diseases of the circulatory system	Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases and immunity disorders, without diabetes	Other symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions
78434	19960	Caucasian	Male	[40-50)	2	17	0	12	0	4	None	None	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Ch	No	NO	Diseases of the respiratory system	Diseases of the digestive system	Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue
78435	26215	Caucasian	Female	[50-60)	13	68	1	9	1	7	None	None	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Ch	Yes	>30	Diseases of the circulatory system	Other symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions	Diseases of the circulatory system
78436	74344	Caucasian	Male	[30-40)	2	69	2	13	0	9	None	>8	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Yes	NO	Neoplasms	Diabetes mellitus	Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue
78437	42191	Caucasian	Male	[60-70)	7	40	3	21	10	9	None	None	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	Ch	Yes	<30	Diseases of the circulatory system	Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases and immunity disorders, without diabetes	Diseases of the circulatory system
78438	45627	Other	Female	[50-60)	2	42	0	16	0	7	None	None	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Ch	Yes	NO	Diseases of the circulatory system	Symptoms concerning nutrition, metabolism, and development	Diseases of the genitourinary system
78439	25941	Caucasian	Male	[60-70)	4	30	0	17	0	9	None	None	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Ch	Yes	>30	Diseases of the circulatory system	Diabetes mellitus	External causes of injury
78440	71113	Caucasian	Male	[70-80)	2	74	0	21	1	9	None	None	Steady	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Ch	Yes	>30	Diseases of the genitourinary system	Diabetes mellitus	Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases and immunity disorders, without diabetes

Overview

Variables

Interactions

Correlations

Pearson's r

Spearman's ρ

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows